Weight loss nutrition 101 how to eat healthy
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 00-00. R. Tosh, Jenni Nix, Pedro Urday, Daphne Tice, Leah Sarris, Timothy S. CrossRef 39 Eli Heggen, Mette Svendsen, Tor Ole Klemsdal, Serena Tonstad. CrossRef 199 D. CrossRef 99 Isabel Sospedra, Raquel Moral, Raquel Escrich, Montserrat Solanas, Elena Vela, Eduard Escrich. They also provide preventive and therapeutic programs at work places, schools and similar institutions. (2016) The effects on weight loss and gene expression in adipose and hepatic tissues of very-low carbohydrate and low-fat isoenergetic diets in diet-induced obese mice. Genotype Modifies Effect of a Weight-Loss Diet on 2-Year Changes of Insulin Resistance: The POUNDS LOST Trial. Citing Articles 1 Bruce Gardner, Fahad Pervez. Long term pharmacotherapy for obesity and overweight: updated meta-analysis. The intakes of total calories, protein, and fat were not limited. The states are made up of pairs of attributes (hot and moist, cold and moist, hot and dry, and cold and dry), which are made of four humours: blood, phlegm, green (or yellow) bile, and black bile (the bodily form of the elements). Ferrie, Marianna Virtanen, Gordon Lowe, Mark Hamer, Mika Kivimaki. (2014) Race and Gender Disparities in Nutrient Intake Are Not Related to Metabolic Syndrome in 20- to 59-Year-Old US Adults. With the use of a wall-mounted stadiometer, height was measured to the nearest millimeter at baseline for determination of BMI. (2013) Obesity and risk of sepsis: A population-based cohort study. The criteria for eligibility were an age of 40 to 65 years and a body-mass index (BMI, the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of at least 27, or the presence of type 2 diabetes (according to the American Diabetes Association criteria 18 ) or coronary heart disease, regardless of age and BMI. CrossRef 113 Antonio Paoli, Gerardo Bosco. Callister. (2014) Obesity and outpatient rehabilitation using mobile technologies: the potential mHealth approach. Each food item was provided with a label showing the number of calories and the number of grams of carbohydrates, fat, and saturated fat, according to an analysis based on the Israeli nutritional database. Ferns, V. Farinaro, G. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 11, 64. Low-Fat Diet The low-fat, restricted-calorie diet was based on American Heart Association 20 guidelines. (2014) The Effects of a Mediterranean Diet on the Need for Diabetes Drugs and Remission of Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Follow-up of a Randomized Trial. Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Obesity, 447-458. Among all diet groups, weight loss was greater for those who completed the 24-month study than for those who did not. Buono, A. (2014) Lifestyle Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction: A Systematic Review of the Effects of Diet Composition, Food Provision, and Treatment Modality on Weight Loss. CrossRef 121 Adele H. Koutsogeorgopoulou, D. Statistical Analysis For weight loss, the prespecified primary aim was the change in weight from baseline to 24 months. e1. According to Walter Gratzer, the study of nutrition probably began during the 6th century BC. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 58, e111-e113. However, we believe that similar strategies to maintain adherence could be applied elsewhere. CrossRef 119 Catherine J Metzgar, Sharon M Nickols-Richardson. (2016) Two-year changes in circulating adiponectin, ectopic fat distribution and body composition in response to weight-loss diets: the POUNDS Lost Trial. Forouhi. The changes we observed in levels of adiponectin and leptin, 30 which were consistent in all groups, reflect loss of weight. Leung, G. Safford. Halladay, Alice S. To study changes over time and the effects of sex or the presence or absence of diabetes, we added appropriate interaction terms. Simpson, David Raubenheimer. CrossRef 97 Lee Hooper, Nicole Martin, Asmaa Abdelhamid, George Davey Smith, Lee Hooper. CrossRef 151 Lena Frommelt, Maximilian Bielohuby, Barbara J. Riccardi, S. Poli. Kales. Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities. Diet, insulin resistance, and obesity: zoning in on data for Atkins dieters living in South Beach. Outcomes The participants were weighed without shoes to the nearest 0. Wadden. The model of intervention with the use of dietary group sessions, spousal support, food labels, and monthly weighing in the workplace within the framework of a health promotion campaign might yield weight reduction and long-term health benefits. Each diet group was assigned a registered dietitian who led all six subgroups of that group. I. Reproducibility and validity of a self-administered physical activity questionnaire for male health professionals. Allison, Arne Astrup. 22 Nutritional and Color Labeling of Food in the Cafeteria Lunch is typically the main meal in Israel. Twenty participants initiated blood-pressure treatment, five initiated medications for glycemic control, and one reduced the dosage of medications for glycemic control. A low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-fat diet to treat obesity and hyperlipidemia: a randomized, controlled trial. (2014) Prevention and management of type 2 diabetes: dietary components and nutritional strategies. The dietitians met with their groups in weeks 1, 3, 5, and 7 and thereafter at 6-week intervals, for a total of 18 sessions of 90 minutes each. (2016) Antioxidant protection: The contribution of proper preparation of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. The homeostasis model in the San Antonio Heart Study. Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism. K. Obesity prevention programs for children and youth: why are their results so modest. Rozza, F. Nutritional management of glycaemia in Type 2 diabetes. CrossRef 33 T Wang, T Huang, Y Zheng, J Rood, G A Bray, F M Sacks, L Qi. (2015) Effectiveness of weight loss interventions - is there a difference between men and women: a systematic review. The level of glycated hemoglobin was determined with the use of Cobas Integra reagents and equipment. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 58:5, 269-275. (2014) The Fresh Start Effect: Temporal Landmarks Motivate Aspirational Behavior. Mediterranean Diet The moderate-fat, restricted-calorie, Mediterranean diet was rich in vegetables and low in red meat, with poultry and fish replacing beef and lamb. Caterson. Baer-Sinnott, A. (2015) A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses. Aronne. 3% for cholesterol and 2. Yao, K. CrossRef 166 J. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 30, 465. (2014) Patient freedom to choose a weight loss diet in the treatment of overweight and obesity: a randomized dietary intervention in type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes. CrossRef 81 Evanthia Gouveri, Fotios Drakopanagiotakis, Emmanuel Diamantopoulos. CrossRef 142 M. (2014) Food Addiction: An Evolving Nonlinear Science. Effects of low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diets on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Heinze, Hubert Preissl, Andreas Fritsche, Sabine Frank. Levels of fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and liver enzymes were measured in fresh samples. Effects of total fat intake on body weight. Nickols-Richardson. Reynolds, T. CrossRef 128 Liya Wu, Klaus G. Adaptation of international nutrition databases and data-entry system tools to a specific population. Turner, William S. Olive Oil in Metabolic Syndrome. Consumption of monounsaturated fats is thought to improve insulin sensitivity, 14,31,32 an effect that may explain the favorable effect of the Mediterranean diet on glucose and insulin levels. Kromhout, L. CrossRef 73 Deirdre K Tobias, Mu Chen, JoAnn E Manson, David S Ludwig, Walter Willett, Frank B Hu. CrossRef 115 Denis Lairon. (2014) Effect of diet on type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review. Hu. 26 At baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months of follow-up, the questionnaires were self-administered electronically through the workplace intranet. (2014) Management of Dyslipidemia as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Individuals With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. But they objected, preferring vegetables ( pulses ) and water in accordance with their Jewish dietary restrictions. (2014) Factors associated with choice of a low-fat or low-carbohydrate diet during a behavioral weight loss intervention. A dietitian worked closely with the kitchen staff to adjust specific food items to specific diet groups. -T. Nutrition. Denyer, I. Bottai. Rizkalla, J. 2015. CrossRef 75 Amanda Chaney. ) Full Text of Discussion. Laitner, Michael G. Bazzano. (2016) Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a Lebanese sample. As Okie recently suggested, 33 using the employer as a health coach could be a cost-effective way to improve health. Departments of Agriculture and Health and Human Services on the Creation of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. CrossRef 161 K. We analyzed the dietary-composition data and biomarkers with the use of raw unadjusted means, without imputation of missing data. Quon. (2016) Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Interventions for the Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. Carlsen, Dina Cortes, Ole Pryds, Niels J. Perri. (2015) Open Letter to the Secretaries of the U. (2016) Effects of diet composition on weight loss, metabolic factors and biomarkers in a 1-year weight loss intervention in obese women examined by baseline insulin resistance status. Troughton, L. S. CrossRef 191 Michel Lorgeril. Kassimos. CrossRef 152 Katherine Esposito, Maria Ida Maiorino, Michela Petrizzo, Giuseppe Bellastella, Dario Giugliano. e9. We used age, sex, time point, and diet group as explanatory variables in our models. CrossRef 8 Basilio Moreno, Ana B Crujeiras, Diego Bellido, Ignacio Sajoux, Felipe F Casanueva. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 00-00. The participants were counseled to consume low-fat grains, vegetables, fruits, and legumes and to limit their consumption of additional fats, sweets, and high-fat snacks. Niu, S. Dietary Intake, Energy Expenditure, and Urinary Ketones At baseline, there were no significant differences in the composition of the diets consumed by participants assigned to the low-fat, Mediterranean, and low-carbohydrate diets. Salvatore, V. (2014) Mediterranean diet intervention for patients with hyperuricemia: a pilot study. Clifton, J. (2016) Meta-analysis of variance: an illustration comparing the effects of two dietary interventions on variability in weight. CrossRef 64 Clare Robertson, Alison Avenell, Charles Boachie, Fiona Stewart, Daryll Archibald, Flora Douglas, Pat Hoddinott, Edwin van Teijlingen, Dwayne Boyers. CrossRef 154 Gianluca Castelnuovo, Gian Mauro Manzoni, Giada Pietrabissa, Stefania Corti, Emanuele Maria Giusti, Enrico Molinari, Susan Simpson. (2015) Determinants of Weight Gain Prevention in Young Adult and Midlife Women: Study Design and Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 45:3, 581-604. (2016) Association of adherence to a Mediterranean diet with glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in youth with type I diabetes: the SEARCH Nutrition Ancillary Study. 6% at 2 years. Ashraf. (2016) Model Programs to Address Obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease: Interventions for Suboptimal Nutrition and Sedentary Lifestyles. LaVertu, Ben Hoffman, Sai Krupa Das. (2016) Relationship between fruit and fish intakes and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Korean women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Based on the 4th and 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. (2016) Low carbohydrate diet-based intervention for obstructive sleep apnea and primary hypothyroidism in an obese Japanese man. (2015) Treating the patient with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A randomized controlled trial of a moderate-fat, low-energy diet compared with a low fat, low-energy diet for weight loss in overweight adults. (2016) Effect of plant-based diets on obesity-related inflammatory profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention trials. J. Ard, Gary Miller, Scott Kahan. (2014) The Treatment of Obese Pregnant Women (TOP) study: a randomized controlled trial of the effect of physical activity intervention assessed by pedometer with or without dietary intervention in obese pregnant women. Our results suggest that health care professionals might consider more than one dietary approach, according to individual preferences and metabolic needs, as long as the effort is sustained. (2016) Nutrition in Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome. L. (2015) The Effects of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet vs. Xiang, G. Daniel Abraham International Center for Health and Nutrition, Ben-Gurion University, Israel. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. The Mediterranean Diet and Adiposity. Augustin, V. The more favorable effects on lipids (with the low-carbohydrate diet) and on glycemic control (with the Mediterranean diet) suggest that personal preferences and metabolic considerations might inform individualized tailoring of dietary interventions. CrossRef 112 Alexander G. Sievenpiper, A. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 115:12, 1965-1974. Nolan-Clark. Farhat, Doris Jaalouk, Serine Francis. (2015) Long-term Adherence to Healthy Dietary Guidelines and Chronic Inflammation in the Prospective Whitehall II Study. Defeudis, P. CrossRef 22 Shalini Vaid, Lynae Hanks, Russell Griffin, Ambika P. The changes were significant (P Liver-Function Tests Changes in bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase levels were similar among the diet groups. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 116:1, 129-147. Milkman, Jason Riis. Vetrani. Siri-Tarino. Nystrom, Michael J. Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Obesity, 261-279. (2014) Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes. (2016) Effectiveness of Workplace Weight Management Interventions: a Systematic Review. (2015) Controversies in fat perception. (2016) Lifestyle modification for stroke prevention. , 93. (2014) Effects of Dietary Macronutrients on Plasma Lipid Levels and the Consequence for Cardiovascular Disease. CrossRef 171 Katherine Esposito, Dario Giugliano. Scientific evidence of interventions using the Mediterranean diet: a systematic review. The mean age was 52 years and the mean BMI was 31. CrossRef 114 Maria Luz Fernandez. Daniel and his friends were captured by the king of Babylon during an invasion of Israel. CrossRef 172 Noora Kanerva, Britt-Marie Loo, Johan G. 2015. (2015) Biologic Responses to Weight Loss and Weight Regain: Report From an American Diabetes Association Research Symposium. M. Meta-analysis: the effect of dietary counseling for weight loss. CrossRef 106 R. Wang, Russell Griffin, Suzanne Judd, Nathan I Shapiro, Monika M. low-fat diet consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2015. (2014) Mediterranean Diet and Workplace Health Promotion. (2015) Low Carbohydrate Rather Than Low Fat Is More Important in Dietary Management of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome. Abstract Background Trials comparing the effectiveness and safety of weight-loss diets are frequently limited by short follow-up times and high dropout rates. 1 kg every month. (2016) Should weight loss and maintenance programmes be designed differently for men. Saris, Arne Astrup. CrossRef 76 R Huo, T Du, Y Xu, W Xu, X Chen, K Sun, X Yu. (2014) The cardiometabolic consequences of replacing saturated fats with carbohydrates or. Finally, one might argue that the unique nature of the workplace in this study, which permitted a closely monitored dietary intervention for a period of 2 years, makes it difficult to generalize the results to other free-living populations. (2013) Long Term Successful Weight Loss with a Combination Biphasic Ketogenic Mediterranean Diet and Mediterranean Diet Maintenance Protocol. Methods Eligibility and Study Design We conducted the trial between July 2005 and June 2007 in Dimona, Israel, in a workplace at a research center with an on-site medical clinic. (2015) A high-fat, high-saturated fat diet decreases insulin sensitivity without changing intra-abdominal fat in weight-stable overweight and obese adults. CrossRef 179 Leah T Coles, Elly A Fletcher, Claire E Galbraith, Peter M Clifton. CrossRef 131 Emilie Daoud, Celena Scheede-Bergdahl, Andreas Bergdahl. We used SPSS software, version 15, and Stata software, version 9, for the statistical analysis. (2015) The effect of three different ad libitum diets for weight loss maintenance: a randomized 18-month trial. Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone diets for weight loss and heart disease risk reduction: a randomized trial. Sheiner. CrossRef 85 Stanley Schwartz, Mary Herman. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 30:6, 1144-1150. La Vecchia, G. (2013) Clinical Studies Examining the Impact of Obesity on Breast Cancer Risk and Prognosis. Bazzano. Yancy. Bioactive Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements in Neurological and Brain Disease, 179-186. Results The rate of adherence to a study diet was 95. The participants were randomly assigned within strata of sex, age (below or above the median), BMI (below or above the median), history of coronary heart disease (yes or no), history of type 2 diabetes (yes or no), and current use of statins (none, The members of each of the three diet groups were assigned to subgroups of 17 to 19 participants, with six subgroups for each group. Supported by the Nuclear Research Center Negev (NRCN), the Dr. A healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 35, 81-92. Collins, R. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Human Health and Disease Prevention, 169-178. Mirrahimi, A. (2014) The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture. (2013) Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Disease: Historical Perspective and Latest Evidence. Wood, C. 2015. Vetter, Anastassia Amaro, Sheri Volger. (2014) Adaptations of leptin, ghrelin or insulin during weight loss as predictors of weight regain: a review of current literature. Whelton, J. A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity. Mechanick. (2016) Extracellular vesicles: Pharmacological modulators of the peripheral and central signals governing obesity. Cozma, A. Keogh. The self-service cafeteria in the workplace provided a varied menu and was the exclusive source of lunch for the participants. CrossRef 178 Adana AM Llanos, Jessica L Krok, Juan Peng, Michael L Pennell, Susan Olivo-Marston, Mara Z Vitolins, Cecilia R DeGraffinreid, Electra D Paskett. 2017. (2014) Diets and the Heart. Gene-Diet Interaction and Weight Management. Buniak, Louis J. Masana, J. The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability, the processing and palatability of foods. Li, P. Champagne. CrossRef 111 Lionel Opie. Raynor, Catherine M. Nash, Jochen Kressler. Steffen, L. -O. (2016) Genetic variation of fasting glucose and changes in glycemia in response to 2-year weight-loss diet intervention: the POUNDS LOST trial. (2015) Effects of nutrition education on weight gain prevention: a randomized controlled trial. (2014) Low carbohydrate diets: going against the grain. CrossRef 156 Sylvia H Ley, Osama Hamdy, Viswanathan Mohan, Frank B Hu. (2015) Heart health: diets and lifestyle. In addition, a group of spouses received education to strengthen their support of the participants (data not shown). (2015) Self-Directed Weight Loss Strategies: Energy Expenditure Due to Physical Activity Is Not Increased to Achieve Intended Weight Loss. 2015.
J. Davies. Walter, Laura Yannai. (2015) Grain legumes and further gluten free legumes—Science, technology and impacts on human health. CrossRef 110 Ofra Paz-Tal, Ayala Canfi, Rachel Marko, Esther Katorza, Zeev Karpas, Iris Shai, Dan Schwarzfuchs, Einat K. M. (2015) The Anti-cancer and Anti-obesity Effects of Mediterranean Diet. CrossRef 182 Rena Zelig, Marc Cohen, Patricia Davidson, Jane Ziegler. Seeley, Tamara Darsow, Erika Gebel Berg, Steven R. Shu, H. (2016) Body mass index and glycemic control influence lipoproteins in children with type 1 diabetes. CrossRef 27 Yoni Freedhoff, Kevin D Hall. CrossRef 79 Mash Hamid, Clare Stradling, Shahrad Taheri, G Thomas. Rivellese, F. 23 Shai I, Vardi H, Shahar DR, Azrad BA, Fraser D. ) Fruit Pulp on Brain Health and Performance. Secher. CrossRef 78 Pamela Dyson. We relied on self-reported dietary intake, but we validated the dietary assessment in two different dietary-assessment tools and used electronic questionnaires to minimize the amount of missing data. (2014) Comparison of the long-term effects of high-fat v. Merino, G. However, the participants were counseled to choose vegetarian sources of fat and protein and to avoid trans fat. (2016) Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets. The Effect of Acai (Euterpe spp. The monthly measurements of weight permitted a better understanding of the weight-loss trajectory than was the case in previous studies. Carmen Martinez, Ramaroson Andriantsitohaina. M. Rana, Loki Natarajan. The diet was based on the Atkins diet (see Supplementary Appendix 2 ). A. LDL cholesterol levels ( Figure 3C ) did not change significantly within groups, and there were no significant differences between the groups in the amount of change. CrossRef 94 Katherine Esposito, Maria Ida Maiorino, Giuseppe Bellastella, Paolo Chiodini, Demosthenes Panagiotakos, Dario Giugliano. Lankarani, Seyed Moayed Alavian. (2014) The low-carbohydrate diet and cardiovascular risk factors: Evidence from epidemiologic studies. (2016) Weight loss diet studies: we need help not hype. CrossRef 53 T. (2016) Behavioral Treatment of the Patient with Obesity. Livesey, S. CrossRef 183 Heinrich Kasper. Erkrankungen des Stoffwechsels. CrossRef 130 G. 2015. For intention-to-treat analyses, we included all 322 participants and used the most recent values for weight and blood pressure. 4% at 1 year and 84. The effect of polyphenols in olive oil on heart disease risk factors: a randomized trial. CrossRef 83 Sascha Rohn, Leo van Griensven. Serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides were determined enzymatically with a Wako R-30 automatic analyzer, with coefficients of variation of 1. (2014) Study design and protocol for a theory-based behavioral intervention focusing on maintenance of weight loss: The Maintenance After Initiation of Nutrition TrAINing (MAINTAIN) study. CrossRef 139 Jim Mann, Rachael McLean, Murray Skeaff, Lisa Te Morenga. Yu, X. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition 28:1, 19-33. Daniele, E. Yancy. Insulin resistance, low-fat diets, and low-carbohydrate diets: time to test new menus. Yang, Y. Fuller, M. This possible sex-specific difference should be explored in further studies. Corey, Naga Chalasani. Media in This Article Figure 1 Enrollment of the Participants and Completion of the Study. Stoehr, Dominik Menhofer, Martin Bidlingmaier, Ellen Kienzle. CrossRef 7 Tomomi Yamazaki, Sumire Okawa, Mayumi Takahashi. (2014) Diabetic dyslipidemia. Dietary intake in the Diabetes Prevention Program cohort: baseline and 1-year post randomization. (2016) Low Carbohydrate and Moderately Fat-Reduced Diets Similarly Affected Early Weight Gain in Varenicline-Treated Overweight or Obese Smokers. ) beverage. 2015. (2015) Glycemic index, glycemic load and glycemic response: An International Scientific Consensus Summit from the International Carbohydrate Quality Consortium (ICQC). and Veronica Atkins Research Foundation, and the S. (2014) Effects of low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets on apparent digestibility of minerals and trace elements in rats. CrossRef 46 Hermann Toplak, Friedrich Hoppichler, Thomas C. Krogh, D. (2016) Dietary and physical activity of adult patients with type 2 diabetes in Zhejiang province of eastern China: Data from a cross-sectional study. He, L. (2016) Epigenetics and nutrition-related epidemics of metabolic diseases: Current perspectives and challenges. CrossRef 5 Yoshio Tokuchi, Yayoi Nakamura, Yusuke Munekata, Fumio Tokuchi. Via, Jeffrey I. CrossRef 165 T. Zheng, X. Salt, pepper and other spices were prescribed for various ailments in various preparations for example mixed with vinegar. (2015) Treatment of Obesity in 2015. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 1-15. Hippocrates lived about 400 BC, and Galen and the understanding of nutrition followed him for centuries. We used a validated questionnaire to assess physical activity. Azagury, Claude Pichard. Eat, drink, and be healthy: The Harvard Medical School guide to healthy eating. CrossRef 126 Lionel Opie. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 1, 201-213. Leung, C. Hu, L. S. (2013) Dietary Carbohydrates, Refined Grains, Glycemic Load, and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Chinese Adults. CrossRef 3 Hans Hauner. Traditional and Nontraditional Treatments for Diabetes. CrossRef 89 Patricia Davidson, Dwight Davidson. E. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 70, 79-82. These Board Certified Nutritionists typically specialize in obesity and chronic disease. CrossRef 169 K Strohacker, J M McCaffery, P S MacLean, R R Wing. CrossRef 190 Marta Greco, Eusebio Chiefari, Tiziana Montalcini, Francesca Accattato, Francesco S. W. Hu, L. Obesity and Diabetes. Utzschneider. CrossRef 98 Anna Arnoldi, Chiara Zanoni, Carmen Lammi, Giovanna Boschin. 2015. Costanzo, Arturo Pujia, Daniela Foti, Antonio Brunetti, Elio Gulletta. CrossRef 145 Lu Qi. CrossRef 55 Maciej Niewada, Patrik Michel. G. 1% for triglycerides. (2015) Effect of low-fat diet interventions versus other diet interventions on long-term weight change in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. -B. Trimarco, C. (2015) Effect of Changes in Food Groups Intake on Magnesium, Zinc, Copper, and Selenium Serum Levels During 2 Years of Dietary Intervention. CrossRef 186 (2014) Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes--2014. CrossRef 194 Antonio Paoli, Antonino Bianco, Keith Grimaldi, Alessandra Lodi, Gerardo Bosco. Aleksandrova. A. Gray, K. Liu, G. B. In order to become board certified, potential CNS candidate must pass an examination, much like Registered Dieticians. CrossRef 49 N. Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, 41-52. 2015. a Low-Fat Diet on Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The 15% of participants who requested aid in completing the questionnaires were assisted by the study nurse. Overall, the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ( Figure 3D ) decreased during both the weight-loss and the maintenance phases. CrossRef 91 Lee Hooper, Asmaa Abdelhamid, Diane Bunn, Tracey Brown, Carolyn D Summerbell, C Murray Skeaff, Lee Hooper. 2015. CrossRef 13 W Ma, T Huang, M Wang, Y Zheng, T Wang, Y Heianza, D Sun, S R Smith, G A Bray, F M Sacks, L Qi. Dietary Patterns and Insulin Resistance. Zhang. CrossRef 90 Lu Qi. A randomized trial comparing a very low carbohydrate diet and a calorie-restricted low fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy women. CrossRef 65 Edward Milbank, M. L. (2014) A Mediterranean diet improves HbA1c but not fasting blood glucose compared to alternative dietary strategies: a network meta-analysis. (2014) Impact of dietary macronutrient distribution on BMI and cardiometabolic outcomes in overweight and obese children and adolescents: a systematic review. Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN diets for change in weight and related risk factors among overweight premenopausal women: the A TO Z Weight Loss Study: a randomized trial. Petersen, P. CrossRef 42 Deborah L. (2014) Functional foods and cardiometabolic diseases. CrossRef 102 Hiu Yee Kwan, Xiaojuan Chao, Tao Su, Xiuqiong Fu, Anfernee Kai Wing Tse, Wang Fun Fong, Zhi-Ling Yu. Strickler, Eugene Fine, Joseph A. e18. CrossRef 87 Tian Hu, Lu Yao, Kristi Reynolds, Paul Whelton, Tianhua Niu, Shengxu Li, Jiang He, Lydia Bazzano. CrossRef 80 Javier Perona. CrossRef 56 Ronan Thibault, Olivier Huber, Dan E. S. Riccardi, A. CrossRef 96 Ulf Elbelt, Tatjana Schuetz, Nina Knoll, Silke Burkert. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 34, 1-14. We transformed physical-activity scores into metabolic equivalents per week 27 according to the amount of time spent in various forms of exercise per week, with each activity weighted in terms of its level of intensity. (2016) Nutrition Interventions for Obesity. Alfredo Martinez, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Wim H. M. Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease. The data from the few participants with diabetes are of interest, but we recognize that measurement of HOMA-IR is not an optimal method to assess insulin resistance among persons with diabetes. A. The Ketogenic Mediterranean Diet. Wareham, Nita G. Figure 2 Weight Changes during 2 Years According to Diet Group. DiNicolantonio. Wes Schilling, Patrick Gerard. We assessed the within-person changes from baseline in each diet group with the use of pairwise comparisons. CrossRef 21 Naji Alamuddin, Thomas A. (2014) Nutritional Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity and Pharmacologic Therapies to Facilitate Weight Loss. The first recorded dietary advice, carved into a Babylonian stone tablet in about 2500 BC, cautioned those with pain inside to avoid eating onions for three days. Fong, J. CrossRef 125 Adela Hruby, Frank B. Parhofer. Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. In addition to producing weight loss in this moderately obese group of participants, the low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets had some beneficial metabolic effects, a result suggesting that these dietary strategies might be considered in clinical practice and that diets might be individualized according to personal preferences and metabolic needs. 2015. (2014) Personalized weight loss strategies—the role of macronutrient distribution. gov number, NCT00160108. Assmann, P. CrossRef 67 Ji Soo Oh, Hyesook Kim, Ki Nam Kim, Namsoo Chang. 2016. (ClinicalTrials. The increasing improvement in levels of some biomarkers over time up to the 24-month point, despite the achievement of maximum weight loss by 6 months, suggests that a diet with a healthful composition has benefits beyond weight reduction. (2015) Revisiting weight reduction and management in the diabetic patient: Novel therapies provide new strategies. Six times during the 2-year intervention, another dietitian conducted 10-to-15-minute motivational telephone calls with participants who were having difficulty adhering to the diets and gave a summary of each call to the group dietitian. New York: Avon, 2002. (2015) Man shall not live by bread alone. (2015) Effect of High Fat Diets on Body Mass, Oleylethanolamide Plasma Levels and Oxytocin Expression in Growing Rats. AHA Dietary Guidelines: revision 2000: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association. (2015) Effects of Mediterranean-style diet on glycemic control, weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetes individuals: a meta-analysis. The electronic questionnaire helped to ensure completeness of the data by prompting the participant when a question was not answered, and it permitted rapid automated reporting by the group dietitians. We aimed at an energy intake of 1500 kcal per day for women and 1800 kcal per day for men, with 30% of calories from fat, 10% of calories from saturated fat, and an intake of 300 mg of cholesterol per day. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology, evaluation, and effect of weight loss: an update of the 1997 American Heart Association Scientific Statement on Obesity and Heart Disease from the Obesity Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. CrossRef 105 Tao Huang, Jinyan Huang, Qibin Qi, Yanping Li, George A. (2016) The Deep Correlation between Energy Metabolism and Reproduction: A View on the Effects of Nutrition for Women Fertility. J. CrossRef 149 Megan L Gow, Mandy Ho, Tracy L Burrows, Louise A Baur, Laura Stewart, Melinda J Hutchesson, Chris T Cowell, Clare E Collins, Sarah P Garnett. Strauss, Jamiyla Bolton, Leslie Gaillard, Elizabeth Strawbridge, William S. (2016) A randomized controlled trial to determine the efficacy of a high carbohydrate and high protein ready-to-eat food product for weight loss. CrossRef 157 Lukas Schwingshackl, Georg Hoffmann. Sparano. CrossRef 32 Xiaowen He, Jie Pan, Mingxia Pan, Jiawei Wang, Jingfen Dong, Hongdi Yuan, Lei Zhou, Minhua Chen, Yunfen Chen, Yiping Lu, Huiqin Gu, Yanshu Chen, Liqin Wu, Yajuan Chen, Fubi Jin, Bijun Li, Wei Gu. CrossRef 34 V W Zhong, A P Lamichhane, J L Crandell, S C Couch, A D Liese, N S The, B A Tzeel, D Dabelea, J M Lawrence, S M Marcovina, G Kim, E J Mayer-Davis. CrossRef 163 Michael Georgoulis, Meropi Kontogianni, Nikos Yiannakouris. (2016) Adherence to low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets in relation to weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 45:3, 565-580. Ayala Canfi), the workplace cafeteria managers (Naftali Tal, Yitzchak Chen, Yair Tubul, and the Norcate Company), the adviser researchers (Drs. 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Selection of food items for inclusion in a newly developed food-frequency questionnaire. Williams, L. The Mediterranean-diet group consumed the largest amounts of dietary fiber and had the highest ratio of monounsaturated to saturated fat (P Full Text of Results. Waist circumference was measured halfway between the last rib and the iliac crest. (2016) A community-based lifestyle and weight loss intervention promoting a Mediterranean-style diet pattern evaluated in the stroke belt of North Carolina: the Heart Healthy Lenoir Project. (2014) Favorable effects of low-fat and low-carbohydrate dietary patterns on serum leptin, but not adiponectin, among overweight and obese premenopausal women: a randomized trial. Li, Y. (2014) Early Effects of a Hypocaloric, Mediterranean Diet on Laboratory Parameters in Obese Individuals. Menendez, Jorge Joven. We observed two phases of weight change: initial weight loss and weight maintenance. 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